How PCB Copper Thickness Affects Performance and Manufacturability
In the world of PCB design, one detail that often goes unnoticed—but makes a major impact—is PCB copper thickness. It’s not just a physical layer; it directly affects how much current your board can handle, how efficiently it dissipates heat, and how robust it will be over time.
At PCBasic, we help engineers balance performance, manufacturability, and cost by choosing the optimal copper weight for every PCB application.
What Does Copper Thickness Mean in a PCB?
Copper thickness refers to the depth of copper applied to each layer of the PCB during fabrication. It is typically specified in ounces per square foot (oz/ft²), and it defines how thick the copper layer is when distributed over that area.
- 1 oz copper = 35μm = 1.4 mils
- Other common values: 0.5 oz (17.5μm), 2 oz (70μm), 3 oz (105μm)
Why It Matters: Real-World Impacts of Copper Weight
🔌 Current Carrying Capability
The thicker the copper, the higher the current the traces can safely carry without overheating. Power supply PCBs and motor drivers often require 2 oz or 3 oz copper.
🔥 Thermal Performance
Thick copper layers enhance heat dissipation, reducing the need for heatsinks or external cooling, especially in high-wattage systems.
💡 Mechanical Durability
Heavy copper strengthens the board’s pads and vias, increasing lifespan and withstanding thermal cycling or vibration—key in automotive or industrial environments.
📐 Design Flexibility vs. Fabrication Challenges
While thick copper boosts performance, it also reduces the minimum trace width and spacing you can achieve. This requires careful DFM (Design for Manufacturability) checks.
Standard Copper Weights and When to Use Them
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PCBasic’s Capability in Custom Copper Thickness
At PCBasic, we support a wide range of copper thickness options for both single- and multi-layer PCBs. Whether you need a standard 1 oz copper board or a custom 6 oz heavy copper solution, we tailor your PCB to match your electrical and mechanical needs.
- ✅ Copper thickness: 0.5 oz to 6 oz per layer
- ✅ Precise trace width calculations based on IPC-2221
- ✅ Full support for thermal relief, power delivery, and impedance control
- ✅ Ideal for high-power, automotive, and industrial applications
Conclusion
The choice of PCB copper thickness is more than a technical specification—it’s a strategic decision that directly impacts the function and longevity of your product. A thicker copper layer can mean better reliability, improved heat handling, and greater current flow—but it must be balanced with space, cost, and design rules.
Need expert guidance on copper selection for your next PCB project? Contact PCBasic for custom solutions and precision manufacturing.
